What Causes Asthma?

Asthma is a condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which causes difficulty in breathing. As a result, individuals with asthma may experience shortness of breath, a heavy sensation in the chest, and a whistling sound or wheezing while breathing.

This condition poses a serious problem for many people, making it important to understand the causes of asthma to take proper preventive and treatment measures.

 

Causes of Asthma

Here are some common causes of asthma that need attention:

1. Genetic Factors

If one or both parents have asthma, their child is at a higher risk of developing asthma. Most asthma cases are hereditary rather than contagious.

2. Allergens

Allergens are substances that can trigger allergic reactions in susceptible individuals, including those with asthma. Common allergens include household dust, dust mites, pet dander, pollen, mold, and bed bugs. Exposure to these allergens can cause airway inflammation and lead to asthma symptoms.

3. Air Pollution

Air pollution, such as motor vehicle emissions, cigarette smoke, industrial pollutants, and fine dust particles, can trigger or worsen asthma symptoms. Exposure to air pollution can cause inflammation and irritation in the airways, leading to shortness of breath, coughing, and chest pain.

4. Viral Infections

Viral infections, especially respiratory viruses, can trigger asthma symptoms. Viruses commonly associated with asthma include the flu virus, sinusitis virus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Viral infections can cause additional inflammation in the airways, exacerbating asthma symptoms.

5. Cigarette Smoke

Exposure to cigarette smoke, both active and passive, can irritate the airways and trigger asthma symptoms. Cigarette smoke contains harmful chemicals that can induce allergic reactions and inflammation, worsening asthma conditions.

6. Stress and Anxiety

Negative emotions such as stress and anxiety can trigger asthma symptoms. When someone experiences strong emotional surges, their breathing patterns may change, respiratory muscles tighten, and breathing rate increases. These changes can cause asthma flare-ups.

Although some asthma triggers cannot be avoided, individuals with asthma can prevent flare-ups by avoiding their specific triggers. Consult a pulmonary specialist at Tzu Chi Hospital for accurate examinations and tailored treatment to optimize your respiratory health.

 

This article has been medically reviewed by Dr. Natasja Rosamunde Kandou, Sp.P.